住院精神病患者自伤自杀人群结构探讨与防护对策

The Population Structure And Coping Srategies Of Psychiatric Suicidal Or Self-Injury In-Patients

目的探讨住院精神病患者自伤自杀人群的结构,以提高全社会对此类人群的关注。方法利用自制的《自伤自杀人群结构调查表》,调查2010月1月～2010年12月入住本院精神科病房自伤自杀患者的性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、婚姻状况、疾病种类以及疾病治疗阶段在群体中的构成比,并以此为依据提出应对措施。结果共有132例自伤自杀患者(131例被及时发现,1例自缢经抢救成功脱险),其中男性患者70例,占53.03%,女性患者62例,占46.97%;小于或等于40岁患者101例,占76.52%;农民及无业者90例,占68.18%;初中及高中文化程度72例,占54.55%;未婚82例,占62.12%;情感性精神病-抑郁症68例,占51.52%,精神分裂症(偏执型和未定型)51例,占38.64%;处于疾病初期患者68例,占51.52%,恢复期患者52例,占39.39%。结论农民及无业、学历低、未婚、疾病初期和恢复期、年轻的抑郁症和精神分裂症患者是自伤自杀的高发人群,呼吁全社会都来关注此类精神病患者,以提高他们的生存质量。

Objective To study the population structure of psychiatric in - patients who were suicidal or self - injury , in order to enhance the whole society, s attention to this kind of crowd. Methods Patients suicidal or self - injury in psychiatric ward were investigated by self - made suicide ＂self - injury suicide population structure questionnaire＂ about sex , age , occupation, education level, marital status , type of disease , disease treatment phase and that in the composition of the group , and as a basis for proposing countermeasures. Results A total of 132 cases of suicide or self- injury （ 131cases were picked up in time, 1 case self -hanging but were rescue） include 70 males, accounting for 53.03% ; ,62 females, accounting for 46.97% ; 101 cases less than or equal to 40 years old, accounting for 76.52% ; 90 cases were farmers or Unemployed, accounting for 68.18% ; 72 cases only finished junior and senior middle school, accounting for 54.55% ;82cases unmarried, accounting for 62.12% ;68 cases were emotional mental illness - depression, accounting for 51.52% , while 51 casws were schizophrenia （paranoid and undifferentiated ） , accounting for 38.64% ; 68 cases were early ]n the disease, accounting for 51.52% ;52cases were in recovery, accounting for 39.39%. Conehtslons Patiens who were farmers, unemployed, junior and senior middle school degree, unmarried, early in the disease and in recovery, and young patiens with depression and schizophrenia were the high - risk population for suicide and self - injury,calling for the whole society to pay more attentions to such patiens ,and to improve their quality of life.