邢台西周考古与西周邢国

Western Zhou Archaeology in Xingtai and the Western Zhou State of Xing

邢国是周初重要封国之一,1991年南小汪遗址的发现和西周甲骨文的出土,揭开了邢台地区西周文化研究的序幕。本文通过对邢台西周遗有的分期和年代、平面分布、甲骨文和甲骨坑以及邢国历史等问题的探讨,认为邢台地区的西周遗存可分为早、中、晚期,不同时期的遗存各具特点;出土甲骨文的灰坑中出土的陶器属于西周早期,卜骨上契刻的文字与祭祀有关;邢同始封地在今邢台,南小汪和葛家庄分别是邢都的政治中心和邢侯墓地区;邢文化具有不同于其他文化的特点,邢国分封于邢台具有重要的战略意义。

The Xing State is one of the important kingdoms of the early Zhou dynasty. In the year 1991, the Nanxiaowang Site was discovered and inscriptions on oracle bones unearthed there, which raised the curtain on the study of the Western Zhou culture in the Xingtai area. By analyzing the periodization and distribution of the Western Zhou remains in Xingtai, the inscriptions on oracle bones, the oracle bone pits, and the history of the Xing State, the authors have divided the Western Zhou remains into early, middle, and late stages. They also point out that each stage has its own characteristics. In their opinion, the pottery unearthed from the oracle bone pits can be dated to the early Western Zhou, and the inscriptions on the oracle bones are related to sacrifice. The original Xing State was centered on the modern Xingtai City. The sites of Nanxiaowang and Gejiazhuang were the political center of the capital of Xing and the cemetery of the marquises of Xing respectively. The authors conclude that Xing culture has its own characteristics that distinguish it from other cultures, and that the establishment of the Xing State in the Xingtai area had important strategic significance.