胎儿颅内出血的产前超声诊断

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of fetal intracranial hemorrhage

目的探讨产前超声对胎儿颅内出血的诊断价值。方法回顾分析我院诊断的5例胎儿颅内出血病例的产前二维超声表现，并与其他影像学检查结果进行对照。结果5例颅内出血胎儿均于中晚孕期发现，产前超声主要特点为一侧或双侧侧脑室增宽，侧脑室内部或周边可见异常回声。5例全部经产前磁共振检查证实为出血性病变。4例胎儿人工终止妊娠，1例随访至生后10个月无神经系统异常表现。结论胎儿颅内出血具有特征性超声表现，很少合并其他畸形，详细的超声检查及随访有助于本病的早期发现及处理。

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasonography in the fetal intracranial hemorrhage. Methods In a retrospective analysis, the uhrasonographic findings of five fetuses with intraeranial hemorrhage diagnosed in our hospital were reviewed and compared with other image modalities. Results In the five fetuses with intraeranial hemorrhage, the ultrasonographic features mainly included dilated uni-or bilateral ventricles and intraventricular eehogenic loci or periventricular echodensities. The diagnosis of all cases were confirmed by prenatal magnetic resonance. Four of these cases chose termination of pregnancy, and the other fetus had a normal neurological follow-up after birth. Conclusions Fetal intracranial hemorrhage can be diagnosed accurately by prenatal uhrasonography, especially in the second and third trimester. It is rarely associated with other anomalies. Prenatal sonographic examination may detect the lesion and help to evaluate the prognosis.