大鼠膝关节不稳定骨性关节炎软骨与软骨下骨组织微观结构的变化

Changes of articular cartilage and subchondral bone mircostructure in rat model unstable knee of osteoarthritis

[目的]观察大鼠膝关节经前交叉韧带切断术(anterior cruciate ligament transection,ACLT)造成关节不稳定情况下,其关节软骨与软骨下骨骨组织微结构的变化。[方法]20只3个月龄雄性SD大鼠按体重随机分为对照组与实验组,每组10只动物。实验组切断右膝关节前交叉韧带,对照组只暴露前交叉韧带而不切断,术后12周处死所有动物并取材。取右肢股骨远端膝关节于70%酒精固定后脱钙6周,石蜡包埋切片,经HE染色及Masson染色,普通光学显微镜观察摄片,采用图像分析系统做定量分析;取右肢胫骨膝关节于70%酒精固定后不脱钙做硬组织包埋切片,行Van Kossa染色后,定量分析软骨下骨组织微观结构变化。[结果]术后12周后大体观察发现,实验组关节面较对照组明显失去光泽,呈颗粒感,部分软骨面破溃,关节面周围可见骨赘形成;实验组关节软骨HE及Masson染色着色不均,软骨细胞排列紊乱,且实验组Mankin评分结果显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组软骨下骨组织微结构较对照组改变明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]ACLT术导致膝关节不稳定,在此情况下对大鼠膝关节软骨形态及软骨下骨组织微结构造成显著破坏,若不能及时采取干预措施,将加速膝关节功能退变进程。

To mvesngate the changes ol amcular cartilage and subchondral bone mlrcostructure m rat mode- lunstable knee of osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection （ACLT） . [ Methods] Twenty three -month -old male rats were divided randomly into two groups： control group （n = 10） and experimental group （n = 10） . The rats in the experimental group received ACLT in the right knee, the others received shamoperation as controls. At 12 weeks of operation, all the rats were sacrificed, and the macropathology of knee articular surface was observed, and the tissue of right knee was fixed by 70% alcohol. Degree of cartilage degeneration was scored by Mankin scoring system. Masson staining was performed to investigate the change of cartilage matrix. Bone histomorphometric analysis was carried out for the subchondral bone of right distal femur. [ Results I The macro - pathologic articular cartilage surface of right knee joint in the control group was smoother than that in the experimental group. The Mankin＇ s scale in the experimental group were markedly lower than that in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . The microstrueture of subchondral bone was significantly different between the experimental group and control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . [ Conclusion ] The cartilage and microstructure of snbchondral bone were destroyed when the rat unstable knee was induced bv ACLT. Measures should be taken to avoid knee kinematic function decreasing.