论语言结构的象征性

On the Symbolism of Language Structures

象征性是认知语法的核心观点,表现为语言结构的音系结构象征语义结构。象征关系的建立倚仗对语义结构的刻画。对比英汉语结果构式的象征关系表明,英语结果构式的象征关系是无标记的,结果是明示的;而汉语结果构式的象征关系是有标记的,在结果上呈现典型性;汉语结果构式的象征范围AaA远大于英语的结果构式。这些差别反映了英汉两个民族对相同/相似事件的不同识解方式。

Being the central notion in Cognitive Grammar,symbolism is represented as a phonological structure symbolizing a semantic structure in a language structure.The establishing of symbolic relationship relies on the characterization of a language structure＇s semantic structure.The contrastive study between English and Chinese resultatives in respect of symbolism indicates that the symbolic relationship in English resultatives is unmarked,and the result is manifest,while Chinese resultatives are marked in symbolic relationship and differ in prototypicality.The symbolic scope of Chinese resultatives is much bigger than that of English ones.The differences reflect the different modes of English and Chinese peoples construing the same/similar events.