流行性出血热病毒的化学裂解和自融现象的观察

OBSERVATION ON CHEMICAL SPLIT AND SELF-MELTING PHENOMENON AND THEIR CONSTITUENTS ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNOGENICITY OF EPIDEMIC HEMORRHAGIC FEVER VIRUS

通过EHFV化学裂解和自融现象的研究,揭示乙醚所致的化学裂解属纵深裂解而非浅表式的剥离,因此不管分子大小、是峰形还是非峰形所在处管均具有不同程度的血凝素抗原活性;而在自融现象研究中,意外地发现,在4℃这个特定环境温度中,无牛血清病毒液内的病毒颗粒会自发地不断脱落大量包膜蛋白(主要由血凝素抗原加上极小量核衣壳蛋白组成),从而为制造EHFV亚单位提供了最廉价的简易手段.这种不受约束的外膜脱落现象可能是诱发、推动病毒变异的一种主要力量.

A study on chemical split and self-melting phenomenon of EHFV, confirmed that after the treatment of the virus with ether, the products isolated by gel filtration were composed entirely of hemagglutinin antigen in constant amount as well as nucleocapsid proteins of varied lengths. It was characterized by the constant ratio of O.D read at 280nm and 260nm(A280/A260) of the fraction collected in the first peak (0.62～0.65) , while the fractions of the minor peak presented well ordered rising and falling waves. All of the fractions, collected either in the peak or non-peak protein possessed antigenic activity of hemagglutinin in different degrees. In constrast to chemical split products, the first peak of autolysate from EHFV at 4℃ was composed of viral particles which had partially lost their envelope, with low A280/A260 ratios(1.11～1.25), (the A280/A260 of intact viral particles was about 1.60), but they all still kept high antigenicity. No spectacular changes in the A280nm/260nm ratios(0.78～0.98) in the minor peak were found but again they exhibited high immunogenicity. The similar complete spectrum of UV between of some of them and the autodegrading products from purified virions stored at -30℃ proved splitting to be a really intrinsic phenomenon of many peptides in EHFV.