1Baker.Mona.Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies[Z].London:Routledge.1998.
2Gadamer.H G.Truth and Method[M].(G.Barden& J.Cumming(tr.))London:sheed and Ward Ltd.1975.
3Hemingway Ernest.The Old Man and the sea[M].北京:世界图书出版社,1989..
4Hermans.Theo.Translation in System:Deseriptive and Systemic Approaches Explained[M].Manchester:St.Jerome Publishing.1999.
5Schaffner.C.The concept of norms in translation studies[A].In C.Schaffner(eds).Translation and Norms[C].Philadelpbia:Multilingual Matters Ltd.1999:1-8.
6Levy.J.1967.Translation as a decision process[A].In L.Venuti(eds).The Translation Studies Reader[C].London:Routledge.2000:148-159.
7Shuttleworth.M.& Cowie.M Dietionalry of Translation Stadies[Z].Manchester:St.Jerome Publishiing.1997.
8Toury.G.Deseriptive Translation Studies and Beyond[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Edueation Press.2004.
9Thoughts in the silent night[A].http://www.qiuyang.com/translation/appreciation/rm26.htm.2003.
