正常妊娠和子痫前期患者孕早中期子宫动脉搏动指数的变化

Changes in uterine artery pulsatility index at early and mid-pregnancy of normal pregnant women and preeclamptic patients

目的研究孕早中期正常妊娠和子痫前期患者胎盘血流灌注情况。方法选择2008年2月至2010年8月在我院行产前检查的2000例孕妇作为研究对象。在孕11-14周和孕22-24周采用彩色多普勒超声检测子宫动脉搏动指数,根据其妊娠结局分为正常妊娠组、子痫前期组、妊娠期高血压组。结果正常妊娠组、妊娠期高血压组及子痫前期组子宫动脉搏动指数在妊娠中期均低于妊娠早期。子痫前期组孕11-14w、孕22-24w时子宫动脉PI明显高于正常妊娠组和妊娠期高血压组,而妊娠期高血压组与正常妊娠组比较,差异无统计学意义。结论正常妊娠时,随妊娠进展,子宫动脉搏动指数逐渐减低,反应子宫胎盘血流供应逐渐增加;子痫前期患者在孕早期已存在子宫胎盘血流供应障碍,导致胎盘出现缺血缺氧。子痫前期患者子宫动脉PI的改变在临床诊断之前出现,对于早期预测子痫前期的发生具有重要意义。

Objective ： To research the placental perfusion at early and mid - pregnancy of normal pregnant women and preeclamptic patients. Methods： We selected 2000 singleton pregnancies attending for routine care at 11 to 14 week＇s gestation in our hospital from February 2008 to August 2010. At 11 - 14 week＇s gestation and 22 -24 week＇s gestation, we test uterine artery pulsatility index by Doppler uhrasound. Three groups were formed according to the pregnancy outcome, normal pregnant group, preeclampsia group and gestational hypertension group. Results ： The uterine artery PI of mid - pregnancy group was significanty lower than that of early pregnancy group in three group. The uterine artery PI of preeclampsia group was significanty higher than that of normal pregnant group and gestational hypertension group at 11 -14 week＇s gestation and 22 -24 week＇s gestation. There was no statistical significance in gestational hypertension group and normal pregnant group. Conclusion： At normal pregnancy, uterine artery pulsatility index gradually reduced with the progress of pregnancy, that reflect uteroplacental blood supply gradually increased. There were barriers to Uteroplacental blood supply in preeclamptic patients at early pregnancy, Lead to placental ischemia and hypoxia. Changes in uterine artery PI before clinical diagnosis in preeclamptic patients. There are significance for early prediction of the occurrence of pre - eclampsia.