社区老年人自我保健知识与行为的调查

Investigation of self-care knowledge and behavior of community elderly

目的探讨增进老年人自我保健知识水平及保健行为的方法，为普及老年人自我保健知识及行为提供依据。方法通过问卷调查的方式，调查北京市4个社区年龄≥60岁的老年人的自我保健知识和行为。结果社区老年人自我保健知识平均得分（23．45±5．27）分和自我保健行为平均得分（47．23±11．06）分，两者呈正相关（r=0．34，P〈0．01）；社区老年人自我保健知识得分较高的前三位项目分别为：蔬菜、水果其维生素含量较丰富，香蕉具有通便作用，酗酒吸烟有害健康；行为得分较高的前三位项目分别为：室内通风，进食温热食品，暴饮暴食或过饥过饱。结论老年人的自我保健知识和行为总体水平中等偏低，老年人的文化程度影响自我保健知识的掌握水平，自我保健知识的正确掌握对自我保健行为具有促进作用。

Objective To explore self-care knowledge level and elderly health behavior methods and provide theory basis for elderly health behavior. Methods Through the questionnaire survey manner, the survey of 4 communities in Beijing, and age is not less than 60 years old about the self-care knowledge and behavior. Results Average score of elderly self-care knowledge was （ 23.45± 5.27 ） , and score of health behavior was （47.23 ± 11.06 ） ; the relationship was positive （r = O. 34, P 〈 0.01 ） ; three highest scores about elderly self- care knowledge were as follows： vegetables and fruits were rich in vitamin, Banana have travel catharsis function, alcohol and smoking were harmful for health; three highest scores about elderly behavior were： ventilation in the room, eating hot food and gluttony and hungry. Conclusions The elderly self-care knowledge and behavior in the overall level was medium and low. The elderly culture degree influences on the level of health care knowledge. Self health care knowledge can promote self care behavior.