人力资本构成、生产率差距与全要素生产率--基于中国省级面板数据的分析

COMPOSITION OF HUMAN CAPITAL,DISTANCE TO FRONTIER AND TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY——An Empirical Analysis of the Provincial Panel Data in China

利用中国1987—2008年省级面板数据,本文实证研究了人力资本构成和生产率差距对全要素生产率的影响。估计结果显示,在其他条件不变时,高技术人力资本和低技术人力资本对全要素生产率增长都有显著的正效应,其中高技术人力资本的作用更大;两种层次人力资本对全要素生产率的边际影响依赖于该地区全要素生产率与全国最高全要素生产率之间的距离,高技术人力资本对全要素生产率的促进作用存在门槛效应,当生产率差距较小时,高技术人力资本对提高全要素生产率的作用较大,当生产率差距较大时,全要素生产率增长则主要依赖于低技术人力资本的积累。

With the sample of 29 provinces in China during 1987--2008, this paper examined the effects of the composition of human capital and distance to frontier on the TFP of China. Empirical results showed that both the tertiary educated human capital and the primary educated human capital could en- hance the growth of TFP, where the tertiary educated human capital had more significant effect. Marginal effects of these two kinds of human capital depended on the gap between the regional TFP level and the top level. The tertiary educated human capital would have a positive marginal effect when the gap was small, vice versa.