野生大麦氮素吸收利用的基因型差异

GENOTYPE DIFFERENCE IN NITROGEN UPTAKE AND UTILIZATION OF WILD BARLEY

采用土培盆栽,研究16份野生大麦在同一低氮处理下全生育期氮素吸收利用的基因型差异,旨在筛选出具有高效利用氮素能力的基因型,为氮素高效利用大麦育种提供种质材料。结果表明:(1)生物量、氮含量和氮素利用效率的基因型差异最大都在抽穗期(CV=33.55%,18.93%,21.88%),氮含量和氮素利用效率基因型差异拔节期最小(CV=12.99%,13.88%),而生物量基因型差异最小在分蘖期(CV=21.22%)。不同基因型野生大麦的氮含量在抽穗期最小,而氮素利用效率则在抽穗期表现为最大。(2)成熟期生物量与籽粒产量存在极显著的正相关关系(r=0.7880**),生物量变幅为4.51～12.17g/株(CV=26.31%),籽粒产量变幅为1.50～8.40g/株(CV=54.61%)。(3)聚类分析得到不同氮效率的野生大麦基因型。氮高效基因型野生大麦(IS-22-30、IS-22-25)在抽穗期的生物量、氮含量和氮利用效率与低效基因型(IS-07-7、IS-22-22和IS-22-33)差异最大,且成熟期氮高效基因型野生大麦能够形成较多生物量(11.07和12.17g/株)和籽粒产量(5.29和8.40g/株)。

In order to select high nitrogen use efficiency genotypes of wild barley,16 varieties of wild barley were studied on genotypic differences in absorption and utilization of nitrogen during the whole growth period under the low nitrogen application.Results showed that：（1） The maximum variation of biomass,nitrogen content and nitrogen use efficiency among 16 types of wild barley were all observed at heading stage（CV=33.55%,18.93%,21.88%）,while the minimum variation of biomass was at tillering stage（CV=21.22%） and nitrogen content and its use efficiency at jointing stage（CV=12.99%,13.88%）.Besides,the highest value of nitrogen utilization efficiency and the lowest value of nitrogen content were both at the heading stage.（2）Significant correlation between biomass and grain yield was found at maturing stage（r=0.7880＊＊）,with the content ranges of 4.51~12.17 g（CV=26.31%） and 1.50~8.40 g（CV= 54.61%） respectively.（3） According to cluster analysis on indexes related with nitrogen uptake and utilization,genotypes of nitrogen utilization efficiency（NUE）were evaluated.The most significant differences in biomass,nitrogen content and nitrogen use efficiency were observed between high NUE genotype（IS-22-30,IS-22-25） and low NUE genotype（IS-07-7,IS-22-22,IS-22-33） at the heading stage,and the wild barlay with the high NUE genotype obtained more biomass（11.07g and 12.17g perplant）and grain yield,（5.29g and 8.40g perplant） than that with low NUE genotype.