宁夏碘缺乏重点地区居民碘盐食用行为的影响因素分析

Analysis on Main Influential Factors of Iodine Salt Consuming in Key Counties of Iodine Deficiency in Ningxia

目的调查宁夏碘缺乏重点县(区)普供碘盐的主要影响因素,以采取针对性的干预措施提高碘盐覆盖率。方法在盐池等5个县区,各随机调查300户家庭的食盐、富碘食品、碘缺乏病健康教育、社会经济情况,Logis-tic回归分析碘盐食用行为的影响因素。结果碘缺乏重点县区家庭妇女碘缺乏病知识的总知晓率为45.3%,食用碘盐、菜熟放盐、食用富碘食品的行为分别占95.6%、47.8%和62.0%,婚育情况、购盐途径、是否菜熟放盐、是否知道富碘食品为食用碘盐的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论碘缺乏重点县区存在非碘盐冲销问题。健康教育影响家庭妇女的碘盐食用行为,对其进行健康教育非常重要。

Objective To study main influential factors of USI in key counties of iodine deficiency in Ningxia and to propose the pointed intervention measures for these counties to raise the coverage of iodized salt consumption.Methods In 5 key counties,we questioned 300 housewives on table salt fraction,iodine-rich food,health education about IDD and social and economic situation randomly and then analyzed their impacts on the behavior of consuming iodized salt.Results In 5 key counties of iodine deficiency in Ningxia,the total rate of knowing IDD was 45.3% and total prevalence rate of behavior of using iodine salt,putting the salt when cooking thoroughly and eating iodine-rich food was 68.5%.By single factor analysis,these factors affected housewives＇ behavior of using iodine salt such as the price and the way of buying salt,the status of marriage and nurture,the age,the degree of schooling,living in different counties,putting the salt when cooking thoroughly,having the way of obtaining IDD knowledge,eating or knowing some iodine-rich foods,replying rightly some IDD or the means for the prevention,understanding the meaning of forgery-proof label of iodine salt（P0.05）.By multiple factor analysis,the status of marriage and nurture,the way of buying salt,putting the salt when cooking thoroughly and knowing iodine-rich food affected housewives behavior of consuming iodine salt（P0.05）.Conclusion Non-iodized salt was sold in markets of key counties of iodine deficiency,and need to strengthen the force of USI and non-iodized-salt attack in order to improve accessibility of iodine salt.Health education about IDD was very important because it affected housewives＇ behavior of using iodine salt.At the next step we should study effects and measures of using iodine-rich food.