重庆市沙坪坝区社区居民慢性非传染性疾病调查分析

Chronic diseases among residents in Shapingba District,Chongqing

目的了解重庆市沙坪坝区社区居民主要慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)的流行现状及其危险因素,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法通过分阶段系统抽样的方法,对沙坪坝区1 544名20岁以上社区居民进行慢性病患病情况及相关因素调查。结果共调查1 544人,其中男性723人,女性821人。慢性病患病率前三位依次是:高血压患病率为11.66%(标化率11.56%),糖尿病患病率为6.87%(标化率7.03%),脑卒中患病率为3.50%(标化率3.99%)。调查分析显示:年龄、文化程度、吸烟、喜咸食、喜甜食、常食油炸食物、未参加体育锻炼是慢性病主要相关危险因素。结论高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中是危害社区居民健康的主要慢性病,应当采取综合性预防措施,改变不良的生活习惯和方式,降低慢性病的发病率。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of chronic diseases among residents and provide scientific basis for the development of intervention strategies.Methods The method of stratified cluster sampling was applied to select 1 544 adult residents from Shapingba District,Chongqing.The prevalence rate and relevant risk factors of chronic diseases were analyzed with SPSS 13.0.Results There were 723 male and 821 female participants in the study.The top three of chronic diseases were hypertension（11.66%,standardized rate：11.56%）,diabetes mellitus（6.87%,standardized rate：7.03%） and cerebrovascular diseases（3.50%,standardized rate：3.99%）.The risk factors of major chronic diseases included ageing,smoking,over-intake of salt,eating sweet and fried food,and lack of physical exercise.Conclusion Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to decrease the risk of hypertension,diabetes mellitus and cerebrovascular diseases among residents.