Argos海洋浮标多普勒定位原理与方法

A Method of Satellite Doppler Positioning of Argos System

通过对海洋浮标进行定位,Argos系统在海洋科学方面得到较为广泛的应用。但Argos系统卫星过顶弧段甚短,加之信号发射周期较长,测量资料甚为稀疏,给海洋浮标的定位造成很不利的影响,容易出现矩阵奇异情况,造成定位失败。文章给出了有效的基于多普勒测量的用于数据收集发射平台的定位算法,并利用参考椭球面约束定位目标,从而改进定位算法,计算结果显示如果能有效的使用约束条件,可以使：①原先定位失败的情形成功解算;②原先定位成功的情形定位精度得到改进。文章还给出了针对海洋目标信标运动以及卫星星历误差等因素对定位结果造成的误差影响的统计分析。

Argos system is widely used in ocean science through positioning of buoys.However,cases of odd matrices and positioning failures are frequently encountered because invisible arc of Argos satellite system is very short,signal transmission time is long and instrumentation data is scarce.This paper proposes a positioning algorithm based on Doppler measurement for data collection transmit platforms.The positioning algorithm is improved using constrains of a reference ellipsoid.Computation result shows that effective use of the constraints facilitates successful resolving of position failure cases and improvement of the accuracy of the successful positioning cases.Statistical analysis is given on the impact of errors on the positioning results because of movement of ocean beacons and errors of satellite ephemerides.