综放工作面回采巷道锚杆支护解除机理与实践

Mechanism and practice of support release of mining roadway about fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining stope

为了防止顶板初次垮落步距加大和工作面端头较大范围悬顶,基于潞安矿业(集团)公司漳村矿2203工作面安全高效生产的重要性,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验的方法,分析了锚杆支护解除前后回采巷道顶板状态、煤柱支承压力分布、煤柱屈服区宽度、邻近巷道围岩移动破坏等变化情况,研究了回采巷道锚杆、锚索支护解除机理、方法及工艺过程。结果表明:实施锚杆支护解除可以减小初次垮落步距,增加初采放煤量,减小煤柱压力,改变工作面邻近煤柱的受力状态,提高煤柱整体强度,可以回收锚杆、锚索及组合构件。2203工作面成功回收90%以上的可回收锚杆,不可回收锚杆(索)的托盘及钢带等基本回收,初采垮落步距减小了8 m,增加初采放煤量7 311 t。

In order to prevent the initial caving step distance of roof from increasing and a larger range of face end hanging roof,based on the importance of safe and efficient production of 2203 working face in Zhangcun Mine,used theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and field test methods to analyze changes of the state of mining roadway before and after support release,abutment pressure distribution and yield zone of coal pillar,the movement and destruction of the surrounding rock about adjacent roadway,and so on.Studied on the mechanism,method and technique of bolt support release of bolt and anchor.The results show that using support release can decrease the initial caving step and increase the initial caving quality of coal.And the pressure of coal pillars can be reduced,which change the stress state of coal pillar near the working face and improve the strength of the whole pillars.It also can recycle the anchors,cables and combination.In the 2033 working face,more than 90% of recoverable anchors are successfully recovered and the pallet and steel belts of unrecoverable anchors（cables） are recovered by and large.In addition,the initial caving step decreases 8 m and the initial caving quality of coal increases 7 311 t.