关节镜下微骨折技术治疗膝骨性关节炎的康复护理

目的探讨关节镜下微骨折技术治疗膝骨性关节炎的康复护理体会。方法回顾性分析2007年5月～2010年12月在本院应用关节镜下"微骨折"技术治疗膝骨性关节炎伴软骨缺损患者28例,总结术后康复护理要点。结果 28例患者术程顺利,住院时间7～21d,平均(12.24±3.35)d;术后6个月随访,患者美国特种外科医院膝关节评分(the hospital for special surgery knee score,HSS)46～95分,平均(88.52±4.46)分;膝关节屈曲度100～140°,平均(130.25±2.58)°;Tegner运动评级3～4级,均较术前明显提高。术后膝关节疼痛评分0～3分,平均(1.21±0.85)分,较术前降低。所有患者恢复正常生活。结论微骨折技术治疗膝骨性关节炎术后康复护理非常重要,分阶段对患者实施针对性的康复指导有利于维持膝关节的活动度,达到充分的膝伸展,避免关节粘连,防止肌肉萎缩,重新建立本体感觉,恢复患肢负重及平衡能力,从而促进患肢的早日康复。

Objective To summarize the experience of the rehabilitation nursing managements for osteoarthritis patients treated with microfracture under arthroseope. Method We looked into the clinical data of 28 patients with osteoarthritis treated with microfraeture to summarize the nursing points. Results The operations on all 28 patients were smooth, with hospitalization for 7 - 21 d, averaged （12.24 ± 3.35） d. For the 6 months fallow-up, the patients scored 46 - 95, averaged （88.52 ± 4.46） by the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score （HSS）. They scored 3 - 4 by the Tegner Activity Score, with knee joint flexibility of 100° - 140°, averaged （130.25 ± 2.58）°. Postoperatively, the knee pain scored 0 - 3, averaged （1.21 ± 0.85）, which was lower than that before operation. All were recovered and resumed to normal life. Conclusion The rehabilitation nursing managements are helpful for maintaining the activity of the knee, preventing joint adhesion and myoatrophy, reconstructing the proprioception and restoring the weight-loading and balancing ability of the limbs.