防范道德危险与保护其他权利人——《保险法》第43条之解读

Guarding Against Moral Hazard and Protecting Other Obligees:Discussions on Article 43 of the Insurance Law

如何规制投保人、受益人故意造成被保险人死亡、伤残或者疾病的保险法律效果至关重要,《保险法》经过2009年之修订已有所进步。然而,《保险法》第43条之体系解释依旧难以自圆其说,依然存在许多有待检讨之处。问题的关键在于恰当处理防范道德危险与保护其他权利人之间的关系。显然,道德危险是客观存在的但是应当从严认定,其他权利人的利益应当优先保护,立法也应当沿着这一思路逐渐完善。

It is of vital importance to realize insurance legal effect by regulating the insurance applicant and the beneficiary who intentionally cause death,injury,disability or illness to the insurant.The Insurance Law has made some improvement after it was revised in 2009.However,the systematic interpretation of Article 43 of the Insurance Law still fails to offer a tenable argument,leaving many aspects to be criticized.The key point in the matter is to properly deal with the relationship between preventing moral hazard and protecting other obligees.Obviously,moral hazard exists,but it should be strictly defined.The protection of the interests of other obligees should be given priority,and legislation should also be gradually perfected thereby.