1991～2010年玉林师范学院19～22岁学生体质动态分析

Dynamic Analysis of Physical Fitness of Students Aged between 19～22 in Yulin Normal University from 1991 to 2010

目的:通过1991～2010玉林师范学院19～22岁的汉族学生的身体形态、机能和素质的动态分析,了解学生的体质健康状况,探讨改善和增进学生体质健康的措施和途径。方法:运用文献资料法与数理统计法,对相关数据进行比较和分析。结果:城乡男女生的身高有较大幅度的提高。城乡男生的体重大幅度增长,而女生的体重增长不明显。城乡男生的胸围增长明显,城女的增长不明显,乡女的则出现负增长。城乡男女生速度、力量、耐力、柔韧素质均呈下降趋势,但自2000～2010年以来,女生的1min仰卧起坐成绩逐渐回升,男生的引体向上成绩下降不明显。城乡男女生的肺活量整体呈现下降趋势,但近5年来,学生肺活量水平都呈现大幅度的提高。城市男女生的营养水平保持稳步上升,乡村男女生的营养水平近5年来才得到显著改善。结论:城乡男女生的身高有较大幅度的提高,体重、胸围存在城乡、性别差异;身体素质发展极不均衡,整体上出现下降趋势,呼吸机能水平整体呈现下降。城市男女生的营养水平保持稳步上升,乡村男女生的营养水平近5年来才得到显著改善。

Purpose： to understand Fitness and Health of students through the dynamic analysis of physical shape, function and quality among students of Han nationality and aged between 19-22 in Yulin Normal University from 1991-2010 and probe into measures and approaches to improve and enhance constitutional health of students. Methods： documentary method and mathematical statistics are used to compare and analyze relevant data. Result： there is a sharp increase in height for both urban and rural male and female students; though weight of urban and rural male students grow significantly, that of female students remain steady; there is an obvious growth in chest circumference of urban and rural male students while that of urban female students show an unclear increase and that of rural female students show a negative growth; speed, muscular strength, endurance and flexibility of both urban and rural male and female students have shown a decreasing tendency. However, since 2000-2010, result of 1 min sit-ups of female students have experienced a steady growth while the result of pull-up for male students show an unclear decrease; as for vital capacity, there is an overall decreasing tendency in both urban and rural male and female students, However, in recent five years, there has been a significant growth in vital capacity among students, with nutritional level of urban students rising steadily and that of rural students gets significant improvement only during the recent five years. Conclusion： there is a great increase in height of both sexes in urban and rural areas while difference exists as for weight and chest circumference in urban and rural areas; physical development shows a significant imbalance, with an overall decrease. There is an overall decrease in respiratory level. While nutritional level of urban students show a steady growth and that of rural students has only been significantly improved during the recent five years.