试论解放区的“翻身戏”

The "Emancipation Plays" in the Liberated Areas

"翻身戏"是活跃在解放区乡间阡陌中的带有政治意味的集体狂欢,象征着乡村文化权力的交接与新的强有力的社会秩序的建立。其情节模式主要有两种:"阶级斗争"和"思想转变",艺术上巧妙地运用了某些旧戏的传统手法和戏剧技巧,由于注重了受众的知识水平和欣赏习惯,"翻身戏"受到了群众的热烈欢迎,取得了很好的宣传效果。不过,结构上的虎头蛇尾与人物塑造的类型化是其创作难以摆脱的窠臼,限制了艺术水平的进一步提高。

The ＂emancipation plays＂ may be seen as a political carnival in the rural Liberated Areas. Marking a shift of cultural power and the establishment of a strong new social order in the villages, the plays are usually centered round two themes： the class struggle and the mind transformation. As some theatrical conventions and techniques were employed to eater to the audience＇s knowledge and aesthetics, these plays were very popular and effective as tools for education. However, most of these plays, typically featuring a hasty end and stereotyped characters, are less achieving in artistic terms.