响遏行云,字定乾坤——论宋代诗学中的“响”字说

On the Poetic Theory of ‘Xiang'(响) in Song Dynasty

宋人论诗,极重字"响"。"响"字说随着宋代诗学的发展经历了三个阶段:潘大临的诗眼与"死响",叶梦得、吕本中、姜夔的"活法"与"活响",魏庆之、严羽、方回的意境与"声调之响"。"响"字说既关注诗歌局部诗眼的锤炼,又注重诗歌整体意境的开拓,还成为指导宋诗走向成熟的理论因素之一,具有很强的理论指导意义。

The Song poets attached much importance to the character ＇Xiang＇ （响） when discussing poetry. With the development of poetry in Song Dynasty, the theory of ＇Xiang; went through three stages. first, the poetic keyword and the theory of ＇Si Xiang＇ by Pan Dalin; secondly, the theory of ＇huo fa‘ and ＇huo xiang＇ by Ye Mengde, Lv Benzhong and Jiang Kui; thirdly, the artistic conception and the theory of ＇xiang of tone’ by Wei Qingzhi, Yan Yu and Fang Hui. The theory of ＇Xiang; not only concerns the polishment of local poetry keyword, but emphasizes the extension of the overall poetic conception. Therefore, it became one of theoretical elements guiding Song poetry to grow mature.