宁波市外来农民工子女行为问题与父母教养方式相关性探讨

Relationship of migrant children with behavior problems and parenting styles in Ningbo city

目的:探讨宁波市外来农民工子女行为问题与父母养育方式之间的关系。方法:随机抽取宁波市外来民工子弟学校小学生600名,应用Conners儿童行为问卷(父母版)、父母养育方式评价量表(Egma Minnen av Bar dndosnauppfo rstran,EMBU)对小学生及其父母进行调查。结果:有效问卷584份,584名儿童中,共检出有行为问题儿童86名,检出率为14.73%。男、女童检出率分别为16.56%、12.40%,男童高于女童。有行为问题儿童的EMBU评分父亲-情感温暖理解、母亲-情感温暖理解低于无行为问题的儿童;而父亲-惩罚严厉、父亲-偏爱,母亲-过分干涉过分保护、母亲偏爱因子分高于无行为问题者。对584名有行为问题的儿童进行行为问题与父母养育方式进行相关分析,发现父亲的温暖、理解与儿童品行问题、冲动/多动以及多动指数因子分呈负相关;父亲的偏爱与儿童品行问题及多动指数正相关;母亲的温暖、理解与儿童学习问题及多动指数显著负相关;母亲的偏爱与儿童品行问题、冲动/多动及多动指数显著正相关。经多因素Logistic回归分析得出父亲情感温暖与理解、母亲情感温暖与理解、母亲偏爱3个因子的标准偏回归系数β达到了显著水平,说明这3个因素对民工子女行为问题有显著的影响。结论:民工子女行为问题与父母养育方式密切相关,妥善的养育方式可以减少行为问题的发生。

Objective To explore the relationship of behavioral problems in children of migrant workers with parental rearing behavior.Methods 600 children were selected for the study randomly.We surveyed the children and their parents with the Conners Child Behavior Questionnaire（parent＇s version） and the Egma Minnenav Bardndosna Uppforstran（EMBU）.Results There were 584 effective questionnaires of the distributed 600 questionnaires.86 children with behavior problem were collected,with a prevalence of 14.73%.There was a significant difference in boys and girls.Compared with children without behavior problems,those children had lower scores in father＇s tender affection and mother＇s tender affection,nevertheless they had higher scores in father＇s severe punishment,father＇s preference,mother＇s excessive interference and mother＇s preference.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that father＇s emotional warmth and understanding,mother＇s emotional warmth and understanding and mother＇s preference of the standard partial regression coefficient β reached a significant level,indicating that the three factors had a significant impact on the migrant children with behavior problems.Conclusion Behavior problems of migrant children have close relationship with parental rearing,and proper rearing can reduce the incidence of behavior problems.