老年痴呆患者生活质量与社会支持关系的研究

Relationship between Alzheimer's Patients' Qualities of Life and Social Support

目的：探讨老年痴呆患者生活质量与社会支持的关系,为临床综合治疗老年痴呆措施的制定提供新思路。方法：现况调查：选取宁波市康宁医院临床确诊的老年痴呆80例,应用自行设计问卷、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）和老年痴呆生活质量量表,调查收集其一般状况、获得社会支持以及生活质量状况,采用SPSS 15.0软件进行统计分析。结果：老年痴呆患者生活质量总分为：29.52±4.38;社会支持量表社会支持总分：35.13±6.24、客观支持分：8.12±2.87、主观支持：19.48±5.31、支持利用度得分：7.37±2.05。社会支持高分组患者生活质量13个项目得分均高于社会支持低分组。家庭、婚姻、总体生活感受、生活质量总分和社会支持总分及主观支持总分均呈正相关,居住条件、家庭与客观支持呈正相关。老年痴呆患者生存质量影响因素的多因素分析显示：客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度和社会支持总分的OR（95%C I）值分别达到：2.823（1.758~4.579）、2.791（1.178~4.842）、4.846（2.793~6.391）和5.573（3.963~9.864）。结论：老年痴呆患者生活质量水平较低,并与社会支持水平正相关;社会支持是老年痴呆患者生活质量独立的影响因素。为提高老年痴呆患者生活质量,应积极完善社会支持体系。

Objective To explore the relationship of Alzheimer＇s patients＇ qualities of life and social support so as to provide a new method to Alzheimer＇s prevention.Methods 80 Alzheimer＇s patients diagnosed in Kangning Hospital were selected randomly.Data was collected by using the self-designed questionnaire,SSRS,Les and MMSE.Than the data were analyzed with SPSS15.0.Results Alzheimer＇s quality of life score was 29.52±4.38,social support score 35.13±6.24,objective support score 8.12±2.87,subjective support score 19.48±5.31,and utilization of support 7.37±2.05. Alzheimer＇s patients＇ family,marriage,overall experience of life,quality of life score and social support score were positively related to subjective support score,and their living conditions and family support were positively correlated with objective support.The OR（95% CI） values of Alzheimer＇s patients＇ objective support,subjective support,support utilization and social support score reached 2.823（1.758～4.579）,2.791（1.178～4.842）,4.846（2.793～6.391）and 5.573（3.963～9.864） respectively.Conclusion Alzheimer＇s patients lack access to social support and have lower quality of life.Their quality of life was positively correlated with social support,which was the important factor of life quality in elderly patients with Alzheimer＇s.To improve the quality of life of those patients,we should actively improve the social support system.