表面涂层抗空蚀性能的研究进展

Progress in Research on Cavitation-Erosion Performance of Surface Coatings

空蚀现象经常发生于水泵、水轮机和船舶螺旋桨的叶片表面以及高水头泄水建筑物的局部表面,严重影响其服役寿命。概述了材料空蚀的机理及影响因素,归纳了一些表面改性的方法和措施,介绍了激光表面改性、热喷涂、化学镀、电镀等表面涂镀技术制备的不同类涂层,并对各种涂层的效果进行了分析与比较;指出了目前研究中存在的问题和今后努力的方向。

A review is provided of the research progress of surface-modification coatings for anti-cavitation.The cavitation mechanisms and factors affecting cavitation are summarized.The anti-cavitation effectiveness of laser surface-modified coating,thermal sprayed coating,electroless coating and electroplated coating is compared based on summarization of relevant surface-modification techniques.Moreover,the scientific issues in recent studies and future directions are also suggested.