FARSITE火行为模型的原理、结构及其应用

Principle, structure, and application of FARSITE fire behavior model

应用空间直观火行为模型模拟大的时空尺度上的林火蔓延过程成为林火管理、规划和科学分析的有效工具。FARSITE(Fire Area Simulator)是一个基于热物理、燃烧学和试验理论为一体的空间直观火行为模型,它集成了现有的地表火、树冠火、飞火和火加速等子模型。FARSITE能够利用GIS和RS提供的空间数据,模拟大时空尺度的林火蔓延,模拟结果能够以地图形式输出,反映林火行为的瞬时状态。本文介绍了FARSITE模型的基本原理、结构和运行机制,并将其应用到丰林自然保护区林火蔓延模拟,以期为国内林火管理和火行为模型的开发提供参考。

Researchers and managers are increasingly interested in spatially explicit fire models that can simulate fire spread processes at large spatial and temporal scales for use in fire management, planning, and scientific analyses. Fire Area Simulator （FARSITE） is a spatially explicit model based on thermal physics, combustion science, and empirical theory, which integrates the existing sub-models of surface fire, crown fire, spot fire, and fire acceleration. By using GIS and RS data, FARSITE model can simulate fire spread at large spatial and temporal scales, and the simulated results can output in the form of maps, reflecting the instantaneous state of any fire behavior. This paper introduced the basic principles, structure, and operation mechanisms of FARSITE model, and applied it to simulate the fire spread in Fenglin National Nature Reserve, so as to provide reference for the development of fire management and fire behavior simulation model in China.