基于大叶藻成苗率的新型海草播种技术评价

Evaluation of a new-type seagrass seeding technique based on eelgrass seedling rate

蛤蜊播种技术是一种新型海草播种技术,该技术中,种子通过糯米糊粘在蛤蜊贝壳上,随蛤蜊穴居被埋入底质。为评价蛤蜊和糯米糊对种子成苗率的影响,以菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)和大叶藻(Zostera marina)种子为试验对象,设置了直接播撒种子(A1组)、直接埋种(A2组)、包埋糯米后播撒(B1组)、包埋糯米后埋入底质(B2组)、蛤蜊播种(C)5种处理,每种处理设置3个重复,在实验室的水槽中对其进行试验。结果表明:糯米糊对种子萌发有负面影响,但由于蛤蜊的行为使底质具有透气性,减轻了糯米糊对种子萌发的影响,种子成苗率可达到23.2%;海区试验中利用蛤蜊播种的两个样方中的成苗率分别为19.1%和9.9%。试验表明,蛤蜊播种技术适合作为一种经济、有效的播种技术用于海区海草床的建立和修复。

Clam seeding technique is a new type seagrass seeding technique, in which, seagrass seeds are attached to clams by glutinous rice paste, and buried in substratum with burrowing clams. To examine the effects of clams and glutinous rice paste on seagrass seedling rate, Ruditapes philippinarum and Zostera marina seeds were used as test objects, and 3 replicates of 5 treatments including directly broadcasting seeds （A1）, directly burying seeds （A2）, broadcasting paste-imbeded seeds （B1）, burying paste-imbedded seeds （B2）, and clam seeding （C） were installed, with 200 seagrass seeds for each in separate tanks in laboratory. The clam seeding technique was also evaluated in two quadrats installed in field. The results showed that glutinous rice paste had negative effects on the seagrass seedling rate, but clams promoted the ventilation in substratum, which mitigated the negative effects of glutinous rice paste and increased the seagrass seedling rate up to 23.2% in clam seeding. In field, the seagrass seedling rate in the two separated quardrats with clam seeding was 19.1% and 9.9%, respectively. The results indicated that the new technique would be an efficient and applicable seeding technique in seagrass bed establishment and restoration projects.