低氮胁迫下三峡库区玉米地方品种的苗期植株形态及生理效应

Effects of Low Nitrogen Stress on the Morphology and Physiology of Maize Landraces from Three Gorges Resevoir Area

以10个来自三峡库区的玉米地方品种为材料,通过盆栽实验和设置低氮胁迫处理,研究低氮胁迫下玉米地方品种的苗期植株形态和生理效应。结果表明,低氮胁迫对玉米地方品种幼苗植株形态和生理有不同程度的不利影响,不同玉米地方品种的耐低氮特性存在明显差异。不同地方品种的同一植株性状和同一地方品种的不同植株性状的耐低氮胁迫指数存在差异。侧根数、叶面积、根体积和植株干重可作为玉米地方品种耐低氮种质筛选的形态指标,硝酸还原酶活性和丙二醛含量可作为耐低氮种质筛选的生理指标。此外,三峡库区玉米地方品种中有较丰富的耐低氮种质可供玉米育种利用。

Abstract： Using the pot culture with 10 maize landraces from Three Gorges Reservoir Areaas material, and investigated the main morphological and physiological traits at seedling stage under low nitrogen stress. The results showed that low nitrogen had a negative influence on seedling morphology and physiology to some degree, and there existed differences of maize landraces tolerant to low nitrogen stress. There were differences in tolerance to low nitrogen stress both among maize landraces with the same biological trait and different biological traits of a maize landrace. Based on the morphological and physiological characteristics of maize landraces under low nitrogen stress, number of laterials, root volume, total leaf area, and plant dry weight were suggested as morphological screening standards to identify the germplasm intolerant to low nitrogen, and nitratase activity and malondialdehve （MDA） content as physiological one. In addition, there is the rich landrace germ-plasm tolerant to low nitrogen in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,which could be used to genetically improve corn in breeding.