自收缩效应型液态金属限流器限流特性影响因素的研究

Study of Influence Factors on Current Limiting Characteristics of Self Pinch Effect Type Liquid Metal Current Limiter

基于自收缩效应的液态金属限流器(liquid metal current limiter,LMCL)有自动检测限流、故障排除后可自恢复、填充介质对环境友好、结构简单以及体积小的独特优点,具有良好的应用前景。通过测量不同情况下限流过程回路电流以及LMCL的电弧电压,实验研究了LMCL限流特性的影响因素,为LMCL结构的优化设计提供参考依据。实验结果表明:LMCL的限流效果随着弧前时间的缩短以及电弧电压的上升而愈加明显,弧前时间和电弧电压受预期短路电流和LMCL结构参数的影响;同时实验过程中发现,大电流下电弧压力对LMCL限流性能会产生不利的影响,为解决此问题,提出了一种带有压力释放功能的限流器结构,可以有效地改善限流效果。

The liquid metal current limiter（LMCL） based on self pinch effect has a good application prospect with the merits of self detection,self-healing property after fault exclusion,the environment friendly medium,simple design and small volume.In this paper,the influence factors on current limiting characteristics of LMCL was experimental investigated by measuring the circuit current and the arc voltage of LMCL under different conditions during the current limiting process,which provided reference for optimum design of LMCL structure.The experimental results indicate that the current limiting effect is improved with the reduction of pre arcing time and the increase of arc voltage,and the pre arcing time and arc voltage are influenced by the prospective short current and structure parameters,during the experiment.It was found that the arc pressure can adversely affect the current limiting characteristics under high current,so a structure with pressure release space was proposed to solve this problem;and the current limiting effect was improved effectively.