视觉认知理论的发展及其在建筑设计中的应用

Development of the Visual Cognitive Theory and Its Application in Architectural Design

作为艺术门类之一的建筑设计,其核心问题———审美并没有随时代的更迭而发生变化,而建筑审美的依据却向着愈加科学化的方向发展。视觉认知理论推动了建筑审美的科学化,而对审美的科学解释可以帮助更多的建筑师设计出赏心悦目的建筑。视觉认知理论从经验总结阶段发展到格式塔心理学的技术应用阶段再到大脑视觉机制的科学阐释阶段,发展历程中的阶段性成果已经成为建筑师的共识并在设计中得到有意识的应用,同时对大脑视觉机制的探索揭示了受众"看"建筑的特点,这也为建筑师解决数字时代建筑审美的新问题提供了研究方法。

The core problem of architecture as a kind of art is that aesthetics has not been replaced by others with times,but its basis has developed in the scientific direction.The Visual Cognitive Theory has promoted the scientific process of architectural aesthetics,whose explanations based on science could help more architects to design pleasing architectures.The development history of the Visual Cognitive Theory begins from the individual experience summary to the technology application of Gestalt psychology and then to the scientific elaboration of the brain visual mechanisms,and the partial results have become a consensus of architects and been used consciously.Meanwhile,the brain visual mechanisms reveal the characteristics when audience ＂see＂ architectures,and provide the research methodology to architectural aesthetics in the digital era.