氮磷在塘-湿地组合生态系统中的去除机制研究

Removal Mechanisms of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Combined Pond-Wetland Ecological System

采用多种形式的塘和湿地组合生态工艺完善传统的生态塘和湿地系统,能实现系统处理环境的多样化,提升对氮、磷的去除效能。对山东某组合生态处理系统的研究表明,组合生态处理系统能够有效提升对氮、磷营养物的去除效果。各生态单元水环境的差异影响着氮和磷的主导去除机制,使氮、磷表现出不同的季节去除规律。其中氮的去除主要依靠生物的硝化反硝化作用。底泥中的磷按照Fe-P>OPalk>Al-P>Ca-P>OPres逐渐变为Ca-P>Fe-P>Al-P>OPalk>OPres,与磷共沉降逐渐成为的主导去除机制。

To increase removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus and optimize the operational conditions of ecological treatment system, the combined ecological system including various kinds of ponds and wetlands became the development tendency. The operational results of one combined ecological treatment system in Shandong Province showed that the combined ecological treatment system can effectively increase the removal performances for nitrogen and phosphorus. In additionally, the water environmental differences in different ecological units directly influenced the removal mechanisms for nitrogen and phosphorus, which furthermore caused different seasonal removal performances. The nitrogen in wastewater was removed mainly through the biological nitrification and denitrification processes. The phosphorus was removed mainly through the deposition and adsorption mechanisms with different metal ions. And from the front of the combined ecological system to the back, the co-sedimentations between phosphorus and Ca2＋ became the major removal pathway for phosphorus removal, with the phosphorus ranks in sediment decreasing gradually from Fe-POPalkAl-PCa-POPres to Ca-PFe-PAl-P OPalk OPRes.