现代中国少数族裔的文学书写

The Written Literature of Modern China's Minority Ethnic Groups

前现代时期的少数族裔文学处于自为状态,晚清以来,中华帝国向民族/国家演进的过程中,它们被整合进"中华民族"的谱系之中,作为有机的组成部分,少数族裔文学进而成为"少数民族文学"。十七年时期少数民族文学在社会主义文化领导权的统摄之下呈现出三种面目:一、在集体无意识的洪流中被时代的风潮挟裹、一体化,融入到启蒙话语的主旋律中;二、"落伍"的部分,有意无意地被主流意识形态压抑湮没;三、成为被利用、挪移、改造、发掘的资源性文化因子。学科最初这种定位造成了少数民族文学中民间文学占据主导,而书面作家文学始终处于弱势的地位。

The minority ethnic groups＇ literature was in a state of self-fulfillment in the pre-modern times.Since the late Qing Dynasty,however,it has become part of the Chinese nation.Accordingly,it developed into ＂minority people＇s literature＂.In the past 17 years the minority people＇s literature has taken on three looks： first,its inclusion in the trends of times in a state of collective lack of awareness;second,falling behind the mainstream ideology;third,its being used,reformed and excavated as a cultural element of resources.Such an orientation has made the minority people＇s literature seated in the mainstream of folk literature but in the vulnerable position of written literature.