农村土地承包权退出的法理依据分析

Juristic Analysis on the Give-up Choice of the Farmers on the Contractual Farmland Use Right

研究目的：明确土地承包经营权的权利主体与权利内容的对应关系，寻求农村土地承包权退出的学理依据，探讨建构退出机制的合理性。研究方法：对比不同区域农地承包权模式下的农地利用效率，发现当前制度安排的缺陷，并进行国内外相关制度比较，分析其借鉴价值；以法律漏洞解释的方法，分析承包权退出的法理。研究结果：当前以户为权利主体的土地承包权制度安排对稳定农村土地承包关系有一定的积极意义，但是不利于解决人地矛盾问题，更存在着学理上的不正当性。研究结论：农村土地承包权应当以集体经济组织的成员权为基础，非农业经营群体应当退出农地承包经营权。

The purpose of the paper is to explore the legal principle for the give-up choice of the farmers on the contractual farmland use right based on clarifying the subject and object of the right itself, and then probe into the rationality of the choice of farmers. Method of comparative analysis was used. The results indicated that although it was somehow necessary to keep the contracting right stability, the current mode did have its deficiency in dealing the problem between the human demand and the scarcity of land, especially regarding the practices in Chinese and foreign legislation cases. The conclusion was that the contracting right of farmland should be based on the membership of a village and any one who give up the membership should also give up the right.