唐朝与中亚九姓胡关系演变考述——以中亚九姓胡朝贡为中心

The relationship between Tang Empire and Sogdian:focused on Sogdian paying tributes to Tang

在唐代,中亚九姓胡通过朝贡、上表请臣等方式向唐朝效忠。他们的朝贡大体上分成三个时期,即618～655、656～712、713～772年。显然,中亚诸胡入唐朝贡的频率和时机,与西域的政治形势及唐朝国势的盛衰有密不可分的联系。在第一时期,中亚诸胡力图摆脱西突厥控制;第二、三时期,九姓胡和拔汗那力图以唐朝为依托,抵御大食的侵犯,摆脱阿拉伯人的统治;唐朝则通过册封,把九姓胡中的康、曹、石、史等国纳入唐朝的西域防御体系中,实现抵御大食东侵的战略构想。

That Sogdian paid tributes to and were subject to Tang Empire can be divided into three periods.The first period is between 618 AD and 655 AD;the second is from 656AD to 712AD;and the third,from 713AD to 772AD.The frequencies and time for Sogdian to pay tributes to Tang are closely related to political situations of Xiyu,namely Western regions,and Tangs influences.Sogdian had striven vigorously to break away from control of Western Turk during the first period and resisted,together with Ferghana,invasion of Arabian with the help of Tang during the second and third periods.Meanwhile,Tang dynasty had invested them with ranks and so as to build a defensive system with the kingdoms of Kang,Cao,Shi and etc.in the Western Regions in order to withstand the aggression by Arabs.