《老胡文康乐》的东传与改编

A Sogdian drama:spreading eastwards and adaptation

《老胡文康乐》源出于粟特九姓之一的康国,由九姓胡人通过西域东传中土,其传入的时间在东晋初期以前。东传以后至少以四种形态演出过,一种是原生态的胡歌胡舞,一种是丧家乐、假面戏性质的《文康乐》,一种是作为《上云乐》组成部分的《老胡文康辞》及相关歌舞伎,还有一种是经百济人改编过并用于嘉会的《文康礼曲》。由于该乐历时悠久、流传地域广泛、表演形态众多,所以颇为典型,对于中古诗歌、乐舞、戏剧研究都具有较高的参考价值。

'Lao Hu Wen Kang Music' was a Sogdian drama.It originated in Kang,a kingdom of Sogdians,and was introduced eastward into Inland China no later than the beginning of the Eastern Jin.It was then performed at least in 4 forms:original Sogdian form,funeral-music or costume-drama(namely Wen Kang music) form,the form of 'Lao Hu Kang Ci' as a part of 'Shang Yu Music' and related songs and dances,and the adaptation form of 'Wen Kang Ceremony Music' played by Baiji artists in auspicious occasions.With long history,variety and wide popularity,it possesses higher referential value for studies of ancient poetry,song and dance,and drama.