2"Flash of creative genius". See Honorable Giles S. Rich, Laying the Ghost of the "Invention" Requirement, in Foundations of Intellectual Property (Foundation Press 2004) (Robert P. Merges, Jane C. Ginsburg), 93.
3Graham v. John Deere,383 U.S. 1.
4David F. Noble, The Corporation as Inventor, Patent-Law Reform and Patent Monopoly,in Foundations of Intellectual Property ( Foundation Press 2004) (Robert P. Merges, Jane C. Ginsburg), 41.
5Edmund W. Kitch, Graham v. John Deere Co. : New Standards for Patents, in Foundations of Intellectual Property ( Foundation Press 2004) ( Robert P. Merges, Jane C. Ginsburg, ed. ), 102.
6American Law Institute: Restatement of the Law, Torts (Second), Pamphlet 2, West Group (1965), 12 -13.
7U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) ,Manual of Patent Examining Procedure,8th ed. (2001).
8Guidelines for Examination in the European Patent Office, Part C, Chapter iv 9.8.
9Federal Trade Commission of USA, To Promote Innovation : the Proper Balance of Competition and Patent Law and Policy, ( October 2003 ),Chapter 4. http ://www. tic. gov,2007年1月613最后访问.
