16—20世纪滇池流域的乡村聚落与人地关系——以柴河三角洲为例

A Study on the Historical Rural Settlements and the Man-land Relationship in Dianchi Basin From 16th to 20th Century:A case of Chai River delta plain

本文选取滇池南缘的柴河三角洲为研究对象,试图在小尺度范围内复原明清以来柴河三角洲乡村聚落的发展、分布,并进一步揭示明清以降在人类活动加剧的背景下滇池流域的人地互动。研究发现,从明代中后期至清代,柴河三角洲在滇池水利开发、三角洲营田技术的运用以及南岸入滇河流自然沉积的共同作用下得以迅速沉积,最终形成于18世纪。聚落随着三角洲的沉积不断向滇池岸边拓展。受到土地开发过程和土壤肥力分布等因素的影响,聚落分布的密度则从三角洲上部到底端逐渐递减。

Based on the research of settlement geography and settlement environmental history,This article tries to rebuild the historical spatial distribution pattern of the rural settlements in southern Dianchi area during the period of 16th to 20th century.According to the research on rural settlements＇ historical process in this area and the investigation of the historical land usage status of rural settlements in the lake basin regions of Yunnan Plateau,where the population relatively is concentrated.This thesis reveals the man-land relationship in lake basin regions on the plateau.Since Ming and Qing dynasties,the historical development process of the settlements in lower lacustrine delta plain,where the population and settlements relatively is concentrated,was embodied with the mutual interaction between human activities and its water environment.