如何实现文学理论本土化

How to Realize the Localization of Literary Theories

文学和文化本土化是对应于文化全球化而提出的。全球化指向各民族国家文化的趋同,本土化指向趋异。一百多年来亚非拉不断涌起的本土化运动,就是后发国家对殖民国家文化威胁、文化渗透、文化倾销和文化压力的反应。既要开放、借鉴,又不照搬、依附外来文化;既要独立自强,又不闭关自守,不拒绝交流和学习——这是后发国家需要处理的难题。文学理论的本土性,和它对本土语言特性的认识密切相关。深入认识汉语的特性,认识汉语在文学美构成上的作用,认识汉语语言发展变化对文学的影响,有助于文学理论的本土化。当代中国是一个发展中、转型中的大国,我们的文学理论对社会变迁中的突出现象,例如城市化过程中农民工的变化,对反映这类社会变迁的文学创作,可以做出概括,从中提炼出新的概念和命题。

The localization of literature and culture is raised against cultural globalization.While globalization is oriented toward convergence of various national cultures,localization points to distinctions.This issue is closely related with the properties of local language.Contemporary China is a big developing country,and as for literary works reflecting social changes,such as changes of migrant workers during the course of urbanization,our literary theory may make some generalizations about and raise news concepts from them.