病媒生物防治工作在重大活动公共卫生保障中的地位探讨研究

The status discussion of vector control in important activities public health security

目的探讨病媒生物防治工作在重大活动公共卫生保障中的重要性及应有地位,从而确保今后国家各项重大活动公共卫生保障质量。方法通过对2008年北京奥运会铁人三项赛公共卫生保障病媒生物防治工作的回顾性分析,提出影响公共卫生保障病媒生物防治工作质量的问题及解决方法。结果公共卫生保障病媒生物防治工作在2008年奥运会铁人三项赛前期及比赛期间,通过密度监测、风险评估后,采取了以政府为主导,以专业部门做技术支撑,以专业防治队伍为主力,以社区和相关单位为辅助力量的病媒生物防治模式,使比赛场地、驻地和餐饮及加工行业的外环境蚊幼虫密度、成蚊密度、蝇密度和鼠密度分别下降100%、88.08%、87.01%和100.00%,实现了奥运会期间虫媒传染病及相关事件零发生和零投诉的目标;但同时也暴露了保障工作运行不畅、发现的问题不能实现快速有效的解决等问题。结论开展重大活动时提前做好本地区病媒生物风险评估工作,有针对性地采取科学的病媒生物防治模式,可以取得预期的防治效果;在管理层给予病媒生物防治专业人员相应的职权和地位,是确保病媒生物防治效果的重要基础,应引起相关领导和部门的重视。

Objective To explore the importance and public health security due status of vector control in major activities counter-measures and ensure national major activities in the future public health security quality.Methods Analyzing public health security pathogens of biological counter-measures work of ironman triathlon retrospectively in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,and putting forward problems and solutions for affecting public health security vector control quality.Results During triathlon pre-match period,through the density monitoring risk assessment public health security vector control in the 2008 Olympics adopted a government-led with professional technical support,with department team for regular professional counter-measures,community and relevant unit as auxiliary power of pathogens biological counter-measures mode.The density of mosquito larvae,adult mosquitoes,flies and rats reduced 100%,88.08%,87.01% and 100% separately at venues,stations and catering and processing industries outside environment.Making the Olympics pathogens infectious disease and related events zero occurrence and zero complaint goal realized.But it also exposed safeguard working not smooth and the problems found cannot achieve rapid effectively solved.Conclusion It is necessary to carry out biological risk assessment for vector estimation before major events,taking scientifical vector control mode,thus the desired effect can be achieved.It is an important foundation to ensure the vector control effects by giving appropriate powers and status to the professionals.This should cause the attention of relevant leaders and departments.