反生物恐怖袭击医学救援中人员洗消不同方法的效果比较

Comparative study on biological efficacies of individual decontamination with different methods for medicinal rescue against bioterrorism attack

目的比较反生物恐怖袭击医学救援中人员洗消不同方法的效果。方法以大肠杆菌和枯草杆菌为指示菌,现场测试采用有效氯浓度为500 mg/L洗消剂喷淋,作用不同时间、喷淋再用沐浴液和自来水淋浴洗消以及只用沐浴液和自来水淋浴方法的生物学效果。结果用有效氯浓度为500 mg/L的三氯异氰脲酸洗消剂喷淋洗消,作用5 min后大肠杆菌和枯草杆菌菌数平均杀灭对数值(KLV)分别为3.90(t=19.733,P<0.001)和2.93(t=20.012,P<0.001),作用时间10 min时两菌KLV为4.66(t=16.251,P<0.001)和4.55(t=20.023,P<0.001)。喷淋洗消作用5 min后再沐浴液洗浴,两菌KLV为4.25(t=12.567,P<0.001)和4.19(t=14.217,P<0.001)。只用沐浴液洗浴的两菌KLV为2.05(t=6.078,P<0.001)和1.93(t=6.593,P<0.001)。对照组不作任何处理5 min和10 min两菌KLV为0.21(t=0.833,P=0.420)和0.25(t=1.154,P=0.269)。结论降低洗消剂有效氯浓度后延长洗消液作用时间和洗消后再沐浴液洗浴能确保洗消效果,只用沐浴液和自来水淋浴有部分效果,不处理则不同时间指示菌数量无变化。

Objective To compare the biological efficacies of individual decontamination with different methods for medicinal rescue against bioterrorism attack.Methods With Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis used as indicator,the biological efficacies were tested with different methods by disinfectant contact time after showering decontamination agent and/or by bathing with bath liquid and water.Results By showering with decontaminating agent used richloroisocyanuric acid solution containing available chlorine 500 mg/L,the average killing logarithm values（KLV） of two indicator respectively were 3.90（t=19.733,P0.001） and 2.93（t=20.012,P0.001） in 5 min of contact time,but 4.66（t=16.251,P0.001） and 4.55（t=20.023,P0.001） in 10 min.By bathing with bath liquid and water after showering with decontaminating agent in 5 min,KLVs were 4.25（t=12.567,P0.001） and 4.19（t=14.217,P0.001）,but only by bathing with bath liquid and water 2.05（t=6.078,P0.001） and 1.93（t=6.593,P0.001）.By no treatment,KLVs were 0.21（t=0.833,P=0.420） and 0.25（t=1.154,P=0.269） between 5 min and 10 min.Conclusion When the available chlorine concentration of decontaminating agent is low,the decontaminating efficacy can be ensured by prolonging contact time of decontaminating agent and by bathing with bath liquid and water after showering with decontaminating agent.Only by bathing with bath liquid and water,the efficacy is ensured partially,but no treatment absolutely has not efficacy.