星级宾馆鼠类侵害情况调查及灭鼠方法的研究

Investigation infestation condition of rat density and deratization method in the star hotels

目的了解星级宾馆鼠类侵害情况,探讨长期有效的灭鼠技术。方法用100格粉板法对餐饮区、设备区、院落、商务中心、咖啡厅、洗衣房、客房区及办公室8个不同区域,以及餐饮区的面点间、副食仓库、炒菜间、蔬菜粗加工间、餐厅(包括雅座间)、更衣室及办公室7个不同区域分别调查鼠侵害情况,再用0.005%溴敌隆玉米毒饵连投6 d,于灭鼠后10 d时实施生态学灭鼠法,包括设置挡鼠板、防鼠网、堵塞通道及环境治理等内容。每隔2个月测定一次灭鼠效果,连续观察12个月。结果餐饮区鼠密度最高,其次是设备区及院落,其平均每板踏个数分别为18.93个、15.60个及10.96个;餐饮区鼠密度以面食间最高,其次是副食仓库、炒菜间、蔬菜粗加工间,其平均每板踏个数分别为43.13、39.33、35.31及30.09个。毒饵灭鼠21 d时的效果为96.65%。实施生态学灭鼠法后2、4、6、8、10及12个月时的灭鼠率分别为96.85%、92.41%、89.26%、87.00%、83.84%及81.87%,平均灭鼠率为83.25%。结论餐饮区、设备区及院落鼠侵害最重,毒饵灭鼠法与生态学灭鼠法相结合是一种科学有效的灭鼠方法,可以长期控制宾馆环境鼠害。

Objective To investgate infestation condition of rat density in the star hotels and inquire into lasting and significant deratization method,and provide scientific basis for the future deratization.Methods S-100 method was used to evaluate infestation condition of rat density in the 8 different regions of the star hotels：food region,equipment hall,yard,commercial center,café,laundry,guest room and office,and 7 different local environments of the food region：bakery,food storage,stir-fry room,kitchen,dining hall（including private room）,locker room,officical room.The corn poison bait of 0.005% Bromadiolone was put in for 6 d,the ecological deratization method,which included：setting up a ratshield,a ratbreak net,pluging rat hole and bringing the environments under control,et al.was used after 10 d deratization.The deratization effect was evaluated interval 2 months,observed lasting for 12 months.Results The highest rat density was at the food region,the equipment hall and yard next,the average number of division covered per board was 18.93,15.60,10.96 respectively.In the food region,the highest rat density was at bakery,the food storage,stir-fry room,kitchen room next,the average number of division covered per board was 43.13,39.33,35.31,30.09 respectively.The deratization rate after 21 d deratization with corn poison bait was 96.65%.The deratization rate after 2,4,6,8,10,12 months deratization with the ecological deratization method was 96.85%,92.41%,89.26%,87.00%,83.84% and 81.87% respectively,the average deratization rate was 83.25%.Conclusion The highest infestation condition of rat density is at the food region,the equipment hall and the yard.The deratization effect with poison bait deratization method together with ecological deratization method is significant method.The rat density of star hotels can be lasting controlled.