市政管网沙井口蚊虫孳生的调查研究

Breeding of mosquitoes in municipal networks underground

目的调查城市各种市政管网的蚊虫孳生现状。方法调查广州市海珠区新城区、老城区和城中村有代表性街道的市政管网的各种沙井口的积水情况、蚊虫孳生率与密度,以500 ml孑孓勺捕捞幼虫计算密度(条/勺)。结果共调查457个沙井口,其蚊虫孳生的平均阳性率为6.35%,防蚊贴(四防设施)的安装率为34.14%,阳性沙井口中未安装防蚊贴(四防设施)的占79.3%,阳性沙井的幼虫最高密度为10只,最低密度为1只。马进井和市政排污的阳性率较高,分别为15.58%和7.26%。马进井、市政排污和市政排雨水的调查数构成比和阳性构成比较大,此三类沙井口占总调查数的84.02%,占阳性沙井数的96.55%。通讯、煤气、供水等沙井口都未发现有蚊虫孳生。结论马进井、市政排污和市政排雨水是城市市政管网中蚊虫重要的孳生环境,防蚊贴(四防设施)能有效减少市政地下管网中蚊虫的孳生。

Objective To find out the breeding of mosquito larvae in the municipal networks underground utilities.Methods The habits and densities of mosquito were investigated in the municipal shaft of the old town areas,the new town area and the village inside city area of Haizhu district in Guangzhou cities.The density was counted in larvae/ poon（500 ml）.Results Of 457 well of municipal networks,the average positive rate of mosquitoes breeding was 6.35%,the fitting rate of mosquito preventer were 34.14%,the well without mosquito preventer made up 79.3% positive.The highest and lowest of the density of larvae was 10 and 1 just.The positive rates were higher in the grate opening（15.58 %） and civil waster water drainage（7.26%）.The grate opening,civil drainage systems accounted for 84.02 % of the total areas under inspection and 96.55 % of the total positive counts.The communication,gas,water supply had failed to find larvae.Conclusion The grate opening,storm water system and civil waster water drainage are the most important breeding.Mosquito preventer reduces the mosquito rate of well effectively.