人力资本、南北贸易与经济增长:一个分析框架

Human Capital, North-South Trade and Economic Growth: An Analysis Framework

在Dixit和Norman、Grossman和Helpman的基础上构造了一个以人力资本为基础的内生技术变迁的国际贸易模型来考察南北贸易对经济增长的动态影响。和以前的文献不同,假定不存在技术的外部性,只存在人力资本的外部性,人力资本积累既是经济增长的源泉,又是贸易影响经济增长的动态机制的决定力量。初始人力资本禀赋决定着贸易分工,人力资本相对积累率决定着分工模式的演变和创新能力的消长,从而决定着长期增长率。因而,对于南方国家而言,提高人力资本积累率是其改变分工地位、提高创新能力、缩小经济差距甚至在长期内实现经济赶超的根本选择。

Using Dixit Norman（1980） and Grossman Helpman（1991）’ s contributions for reference,based on human capital and endogenous technology change,this paper develops an international trade model to analyze the effects on economic growth of North-South trade.Different from other documents,externali-ty is cause by human capital,not RD.The accumulation of human capital is both the source for economic growth and the force international trade acts on dy-namic economic growth.That is,initial human capital abundance determines the division of labor,the relative rate of human capital’s accumulation determines the devotion of the division of labor and the ability of innovation,then,econom-ic growth of North and South countries.Therefore,for South countries,raising the rate of human capital’s accumulation are their first choice to change their role of division of labor,to enhance their innovation ability,to shorten the in-come gap,and even to gain the long-run economic catch up.