2009～2010年上海市长宁区流感疫情流行病学分析

The epidemiological analysis on surveillance for influenza in Changning District, Shanghai from 2009 to 2010

目的:探讨2009-2010年长宁区的流感流行特征。方法:对辖区内开展的流感样病例(简称ILI病例)监测情况和病原学监测结果进行流行病学分析。结果:2009-2010年报告流感病例355例,2009年和2010年的甲型H1N1流感和季节性流感发生比例有明显差异(χ2=77.02,P<0.00)。2009-2010年共监测2840例ILI病例,平均就诊百分比为0.30%,ILI病例发生呈时间分布,高峰在2009年5～8周、34～40周和49周至2010年第8周。病原学监测阳性率为37.56%,2009年8-9月甲型H3型为主要流行株,2009年10月至2010年1月以甲型H1N1型为主导毒株,2010年2-6月,B型毒株替代甲型H1N1型成为主要流行株,7-10月甲型H3型再次成为流行株,11-12月甲型H1N1、甲型H3和B型毒株混合流行。结论:病原学监测阳性检出率与ILI病例流行高峰基本一致,加强ILI病例监测可有效预防流感暴发。

Objective： The study was conducted to explore the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Changning District. Method： The epidemiological analyses were conducted based on the surveillance of influenza and influenza like illness（ ILI） cases and etiological results in Changning District, Shanghai. Results： 355 influenza cases were reported from 2009-2010. The proportion rate of A （ H1N1 ） influenza and seasonal influenza from 2009-2010 had obvious difference （ X 2=77.02, P 〈 0.00 ） . 2840 ILI cases were observed in 2009-2010 totally, the percentage of the average diagnosis was 0.30%. The cases presented a seasonal character. The peak occurred during week 5-8, week 34-40 in 2009 and week 49 in 2009-week 8 in 2010. The positive rate of etiological surveillance was 37.56%. The epidemic strains of influenza were A （ H3 ） during August to September in 2009 and turned to A （ H1N1 ） during October in 2009 to January in 2010 and turned to B during February to June in 2010. During July to Oct. A （ H3 ） became the main epidemic strains again. Strains A （ H1N1 ）, A （ H3 ） and B were all in vogue during November to December in 2010. Conclusion： The etiological surveillance positive test rate was basically the same as the ILI cases epidemic peak. Strengthening surveillance for ILI cases could avoid outbreaks of influenza.