馆藏唐代彩绘人物俑颜料分析与修复保护

Pigment analysis and conservation of Tang Dynasty colored pottery figurines at the Shenzhen Museum

为确定深圳博物馆藏唐代彩绘人物俑颜料的矿物成分,利用X射线荧光能谱仪、X-射线衍射仪等对这批俑的颜料成分进行了分析,结果表明:红色颜料为铅丹、朱砂;黑色颜料为无定形碳黑;白色颜料为铅白和高岭土等。同时,将其与陕西省内相关地区的彩绘陶俑或壁画颜料进行了对比,得知其所使用的颜料与后者基本一致。在此基础上,针对这批人物俑的保存现状,遵循最小干预等文物保护的基本原则,对其实施了表面附着物清理、拼对、粘接、修复补全等保护修复技术措施,使其恢复了原有面貌,取得了较为理想的保护效果。

In this study,X -ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X -ray diffraction microscopy were employed to determine the elements in pigments applied to colored Tang Dynasty pottery figurines at the Shenzhen Museum.The results show that the red pigments are cinnabar（HgS） and red lead（Pb_3O_4）,the black pigment is Carbon black （C）,and the white pigments are white lead（2PbCO_3 ？ Pb（OH）_2） and kaolin（Al_2Si_2O_5（OH ）_4 ） and others. These results were compared with those of comparable colored pottery figures from Shaanxi province.These results also showed that the pigments used for these figurines and those from several areas in Shaanxi are the same.Based on these studies and current condition of the figurines,the figurines were conserved following the conservation rule of minimal intervention.The figurine surfaces were cleaned,broken parts were reassembled and glued together and missing parts were recreated.In this way,the original looks of these figurines were recovered.The conservation results are satisfactory.