中英界碑的现状与保护

Current condition and protection of the China - Britain boundary markers

中英界碑包括陆路界碑、海关关碑和海域界碑,是英殖民主义者侵略和瓜分中国领土的历史见证。中英街上的陆路界碑是英国"展拓香港界址"并在"新界"北部地区实施勘界后,至今保留下来的最具有历史价值的文物由于时间长久和自然、人为等因素的影响,中英街界碑遭受了不同程度的损伤和契坏为了研究界碑的保护方法,对中英街上1～8号界碑的地理分布情况,风化、生物病害、表面污染与变色、机械损伤等病害主要类型和形成病害的相应原因进行了详细的调查、分析和研究,针对界碑保存现状和病害特征提出清洗、表面防护、防水、排水和环境整治等有效方法对界碑进行保护,以恢复其原有而貌,延长其保存寿命,使之更好地发挥爱国主义教育作用中英街界碑的保护方法对中英海关和海域界碑的保护具有借鉴作用。

The China - Britain boundary markers,including the land,customs and maritime boundary markers,is the historical witness of the British colonial invasion and plunder.The land boundary mark in Chung Ying Street is the relic of most historical value dating from when Britain established the boundary at the north end of the ＂ New Territories＂.As a result of aging,as well as natural and human factor,the Chung Ying Street boundary marker has suffered varying degrees of damage.This research investigates and analyses the regional distribution,weathering, biological decay,surface pollution and color change,and mechanical damage to the boundary markers.The specific types of the damage and the causes of it were analyzed.Considering the current condition of the makers,we suggest a series of scientific methods for protection,including washing,surface protection,waterproofing and environmental remediation.In this way the boundary markers could be preserved and their use for educational purposes extended. The methods described would also be valuable for the protection of the customs and maritime boundary markers.