广州市2002-2010年流行性乙型脑炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of Japanese B encephalitis in Guangzhou from 2002 to 2010

目的分析广州市2002-2010年流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)流行情况,为乙脑预防和控制提供依据。方法对2002-2010年广州市乙脑疫情报告资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2002-2010年共报告44例乙脑确诊病例,死亡4例,年平均发病率0.06/10万,年平均死亡率0.01/10万。44例病例发生在除南沙区和萝岗区外的10个县。6月为发病高峰,占总病例的68.18%,其次是5月。81.82%的病例集中在10岁以下儿童。79.55%的病例无免疫史。结论广州市自2004年将乙脑疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫后,乙脑发病率处于低水平,控制效果显著。今后仍需提高流动儿童和农村儿童乙脑疫苗接种率,加强疫情监测、健康教育和防蚊灭蚊工作。

Objective To analysis the prevalence status of Japanese B encephalitis（JE）in Guangzhou City from 2002 to 2010,and provide evidences for prevention and control the disease.Method The report data of JE from 2002 to 2010 was collected and analyzed by retrospective method.Results There were 44 JE cases during 2002 to 2010,among them,4 were death cases,the annual mean incidence rate was 0.06/100,000 and fatality rate was 0.01/100,000.Total of 44 cases occurred in 10 counties except Nansha and Luogang districts.The peak time of JE was June and accounted for 68.18%,the secondly was May.81.82% of the patients were under 10 years old and 79.55% had no immunity history.Conclusions JE vaccine had been integrated into the children planned immunity since 2004,the incidences of the disease were in low level and the controlling effect was significant.In the future,we still need to increase the JE vaccination coverage rate among the children in floating population and rural areas,at the same time,strengthen the disease surveillance,health education and anti-mosquito activity were still need.