独立学院新生心理健康状况调查

Surveys of mental health status among the freshmen of inde- pendent college

目的 探讨独立学院新生心理健康状况,为教育工作提供科学依据.方法 对河南科技学院新科学院（独立学院）2 457名新生和母体学院4 529名新生采用症状自评量表进行测评分析.结果 独立学院新生心理问题检出率显著低于母体学院（P＜0.01）.独立学院新生症状自评量表除强迫、精神病性因子外的其他因子分均显著低于全国青年常模（P＜0.01）,各因子分均显著低于全国大学生常模（P＜0.01）,总分及各因子分显著低于母体学院新生（P＜0 01）;男生症状自评量表抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执因子分与女生差异有显著性（P＜0 05或0.01）,来自城市的新生总分及除躯体化、敌对、偏执因子以外的其他因子分均显著低于来自农村的新生（P＜0 05或0.01）;不同学科新生症状自评量表总分差异无显著性（P＞0 05）,焦虑、偏执因子分差异有显著性（P＜0 05）,事后检验表明,文科与理工科学生抑郁、恐惧因子分差异有显著性（P＜0 05）,艺术与文科、理工科学生焦虑因子分差异有显著性（P＜0.05）.结论 独立学院新生心理健康水平较高,男女生心理问题不同,农村学生较城市学生心理问题突出,不同学科学生心理健康总体水平接近.

Objective To explore the mental health status among the freshmen of independent college in order to provide basis for education work. Methods Assessments were carried out with the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） among 2,457 freshmen from Xinke college（independent college） and 4,529 ones from its maternal university. Results The detection rates of psycho-problems were significantly lower in the freshmen of independent college than those in ones of its maternal university （P〈0.01）. Except obsession and psychotic, other fac tors＇ scores of the SCL 90 were significantly lower in the freshmen of independent college compared with national youth norm （P〈0. 01） ,so were all factors＇ scores compared national college student norm （P〈 0.01）, and so were the total and each factor score compared with ones of maternal college （P〈0.01）; there were significant differences in depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia and paranoia between male and female students （P〈0. 05 or 0.01）, the total and other factors＇ scores except somatization, hostility and paranoia were significantly lower in urban than rural students （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. There were no significant differences in SCL-90 total score among students majoring different subjects （P〈0.05） and were sig nificant differences in anxiety and paranoia （P〈0.05）, and back-test showed that there were significant differences depression and phobia score between students studying liberal arts and ones doing science （P〈 0.05） and between students studying art and ones doing liberal arts or science （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The mental health levels of independent college freshmen are higher, male and female students have different psycho-problems, psycho-problems of rural students are more outstanding than those of urban ones, and overall levels of mental health among students majoring different subjects are close.