真菌壳聚糖的研究进展

Research Progress of Fungal Chitosan

壳聚糖是很多真菌(尤其是接合菌纲真菌)细胞壁的主要组成部分,可用真菌培养法直接获得。与传统强碱处理的虾蟹壳来源的壳聚糖相比,真菌来源的壳聚糖原料易得,生产过程污染少,所得产品理化性质均一,优势明显。介绍了真菌壳聚糖的合成机理、菌种选育、发酵工艺优化及提取方法等方面的研究进展。

Chitosan can be found in the cell wall of many groups of fungi,particularly zygomycetes,and can be obtained by fungal culture method directly.Compared to commercial chitosan from crustacean sources with strong alkali,fungal chitosan had many advantages,such as easily available raw materials,less environmental pollution and uniform physico-chemical properties.The research progress of synthesis mechanism,strain selection,fermentation process optimization and extraction methods of fungal chitosan were reviewed in the article.