中国R&D支出差距区域分解研究

Domain Decomposition Study on China's R&D Expenditure Gap

作为增强科技能力的决定因素,R&D经费的合理配置无疑是提高核心竞争力的关键。然而中国R&D经费支出分布却存在严重不平等现象。选取2002—2009年中国各省市有关R&D支出的数据作为研究对象,以基尼系数定量衡量中国R&D支出在地理分布上的不平等程度。运用基尼系数分解法作进一步分析,得到以下结论:中国R&D经费支出在地理分布上的不均衡已十分严重,总体差距的平均基尼系数高达0.5648,其中区域间差距是造成总体差距的主要原因,其贡献率为67.40%。为改善中国R&D分布不平等现状,提出缩小地区间差距的相关建议和对策。

As a critical factor to enhance scientific and technological strength, the rational allocation of R＆D resources is the key to improve core competence. However there exists a serious unbalance of geographical distribution of R＆D expenditure in China. This article regards the R＆D expenditure number of every province in China during the period of 2002--2009 as the object to study and analysis. Gini ratio quantitatively illustrates the unequal geographical disuibution of china＇s R＆D expenditure. By means of decomposition of Gini ratio, we get the conclusion： during the years of 2002--2009, the geographical distribution of R＆D expenditure is very unequal and the mean of total Gini ratio of R＆D expenditure in China is as big as 0.5648; the main cause of the total gap is the gap between regions, which is account for 67.40% as some. Some suggestions are given to narrow the gap, and only by this way can we improve the unequal current of geographical distribution of R＆D expenditure in China.