羟基自由基致死船舶压载水海洋有害生物研究

Studies for Killing the Oceanic Harmful Organisms in Ship's Ballast Water Using Hydroxyl Radicals

利用大气压强电场电离放电的物理方法,将空气中的O2和海水中H2O(气态)电离、离解生成羟基自由基(.OH)等氧活性粒子,溶于部分压载水中形成高浓度羟基溶液,再注入到输运压载水的主管路中,实现在输送压载水的过程中快速致死海洋有害生物和病原体.在10 t.h-1的船舶压载水处理实验系统中,进行了.OH致死浮游生物和细菌的实验,.OH浓度为0.65mg.L-1时,致死率达100%,达到《国际公约》压载水排放标准.同时选用牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri)、小新月菱形藻(Nitzschia closterium)进行.OH致死生物形态学研究,在显微镜下观察到.OH严重地损害了细胞壁、细胞膜、胞内物质等的重要组成和功能物质.

With a physical method of strong electric-field discharge,O2 in air and H2O at gas state are ionized and dissociated into a number of activated particles such as ·OH,O＋2,H2O＋,etc,which are injected into a part of ballast water to form the dissolved ·OH.High concentration of ·OH solution was injected into the main pipe of discharge ballast water to effectively and fast kill the oceanic harmful organisms and bacteria in the course of conveying ship＇s ballast water.In the 10 t·h-1 experimental system of ship＇s ballast water,the experiments were carried out for killing the plankton and bacteria using ·OH radicals.The ·OH concentration is 0.65 mg·L-1 for 100% killing efficiency.At the same time,cell morphology changes of Chaetoceros muelleri and Nitzschia closterium were observed by a microscope.The cells of algae in their cellular wall,cellular membrane or cell protoplasm were greatly destroyed using ·OH radicals.