大庆聚驱后油藏内源微生物群落结构解析与分布特征研究

Research on Population Structure and Distribution Characteristic of Indigenous Microorganism in Post-polymer-Flooding Oil Reservoir

利用变性梯度凝胶电泳(denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,DGGE)技术和主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)解析了大庆油田聚驱后油藏的细菌和古菌群落结构组成及分布特征.结果表明,注水井中的细菌主要以好氧的假单胞菌属和不动杆菌属为主,注水井近井地带以兼性厌氧的肠杆菌属为主,各采油井中的细菌则包括陶厄氏菌属、梭菌纲、假单胞菌属、油杆菌属及大量的未培养细菌;各注水井及注水井近井地带检测到的古菌主要是乙酸型产甲烷的甲烷鬃菌,各采油井中古菌则以甲烷微菌属、甲烷螺菌属及甲烷杆菌属等为主.总体上,该聚驱区块从注水井到采油井,细菌优势菌群依次呈好氧细菌-兼性厌氧细菌-严格厌氧细菌分布;古菌的分布受环境因素及微生物代谢产物影响,注水井和采油井中的优势菌群差异显著.

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） method and principal component analysis（PCA） method were used to analyze the structures of microorganism population in injection wells and production wells of a post-polymer-flooding oil reservoir in Daqing oil field.The results showed that the dominant species in injection wellhead were aerobic bacteria Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter.Facultative anaerobic bacteria Enterbacter was the dominant bacteria in near area of injection wells.Bacteria detected in production wells included Thauera,Clostridia,Pseudomonas,Petrobacter and some uncultured bacteria.Methanosaeta turned out to be the only archaea detected in injection wells,which was an aceticlastic methane-producing archaeon.Archaea detected in production wells consisted of Methanomicrobium,Methanospirillum and Methanobacterium.In general,aerobic bacteria,facultative anaerobe,and strictly anaerobic bacteria distributed successively from injection wells to production wells in this block.The dominant populations of archaea were different between injection wells and production wells,while were influenced by different environments and microbial metabolism products.